Advice
Practical answers on packing shipments: void fill, box size and EU rules.

PPWR and void fill for boxes: box size decides, not the fill material
Regulation (EU) 2025/40 and the 50 % empty space limit: what applies today, what only from 2030 and why void fill does not improve the ratio.
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How to choose void fill for boxes: by function, not by material
Paper, air cushions or bubble wrap? Choose void fill by function: filling space, cushioning and fixing, wrapping the surface.
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Paper or air cushions? What measurements and studies show
Weight, carbon footprint and fees: what a commissioned measurement and the Czech UCT study showed and what the paper manufacturer claims. For each source we state who paid for it.
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Paper or plastic for bags and carrier bags? What studies say and who paid for them
Studies by public bodies in England, Denmark and the USA: for bags, weight decides. Who paid for studies from the paper and plastics industries and what they show.
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